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Martin Edward Fallas Shaw OBE, FRCM (9 March 1875 – 24 October 1958) was an English composer, conductor and (in his early life) theatre producer. His over 300 published works include songs, hymns, carols, oratorios, several instrumental works, a congregational mass setting (the ''Anglican Folk Mass'') and four operas including a ballad opera. ==Biography== Shaw delighted in describing himself as a cockney, a title he could claim under Samuel Rowlands's definition of one born within the sound of the Bow Bells. He was the son of the Bohemian and eccentric James Shaw, composer of church music and organist of Hampstead Parish Church. He was the elder brother of the composer and influential educator Geoffrey Shaw and the actor Julius Shaw, whose career was cut short by the First World War – he was killed in March 1918. He studied under Stanford at the Royal College of Music, together with a generation of composers that included Holst, Vaughan Williams and John Ireland. He then embarked upon a career as a theatrical producer, composer and conductor, the early years of which he described as "a long period of starving along".〔 With Gordon Craig, he founded the Purcell Operatic Society in 1899,〔 dedicated to reviving the music of Henry Purcell and other English composers of the period, many of whose works had fallen into long neglect. Their first production in 1901 was Purcell's ''Dido and Aeneas'', at the Hampstead Conservatoire. This was well received and transferred to the Coronet Theatre, where it played alongside Ellen Terry's production of ''Nance Oldfield''. It was also Craig's first outing as stage director. The POS's other productions were ''The Masque of Love'' from Purcell's semi-opera, ''Dioclesian'' (1901) and Handel's ''Acis and Galatea'' (1902). In 1903, Martin joined Ellen Terry's company at the Imperial Theatre, where he composed and conducted the music for productions of ''The Vikings'' and ''Much Ado About Nothing'', also directed by Craig, Ellen Terry's son.〔 He proposed to Edith Craig, Craig's sister, in 1903 and was accepted. Edy was a successful, prolific but now largely forgotten theatre director, producer, costume designer and early pioneer of the women's suffrage movement in England. The marriage was prevented by Ellen Terry, out of jealousy for her daughter's affection, and by Christabel Marshall (Christopher St John), with whom she lived from 1899, according to Michael Holroyd in his book ''A Strange Eventful History (2008)''.〔Holroyd, Michael ''A Strange Eventful History'' Chatto and Windus (2008)〕 A thinly fictionalised account of this episode appears in St John's autobiographical novel ''Hungerheart: The Story of a Soul (1915)''. Shaw then toured Europe as conductor to Isadora Duncan, extensively described in his 1929 autobiography ''Up to Now'' published by Oxford University Press.〔 During this period he gave music lessons and took posts as organist and director of music, first at St Mary's, Primrose Hill 1902 – 1920, later at St. Martin-in-the-Fields, London 1920 – 1924. He was also master of music at the Guildhouse, London. After his marriage to Joan Cobbold, he settled down to family life. The couple had three children: John Fallas Cobbold Shaw (1917–1973), Richard Brinkley Shaw (1920–1989), and Mary Elizabeth Shaw (1923–1977).〔() The Cobbold Family Tree on The Cobbold Family History Trust website〕 Under the influence of his wife, and faced with the need to support his family, church music gradually became the focus of his life and work. In 1918 he co-founded the League of Arts, the Royal School of Church Music and was an early organiser of hymn festivals. He did much editorial and executive work in connection with popularising music, the encouragement of community singing and raising standards of choral singing in small parish churches. In 1932 Shaw received the Lambeth degree of Doctor of Music. He was appointed an OBE in 1955 and was made a Fellow of the Royal College of Music (FRCM) in 1958.〔() Shaw on the National Anthems of the World website〕 His nephew was the actor Sebastian Shaw, who played the unmasked Darth Vader and the ghost of Anakin Skywalker in ''Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi'' (1983). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin Shaw (composer)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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